It was established in April 2005 by Gennady Semigin, who was expelled from the Communist Party of the Russian Federation after he failed in a power struggle with Gennady Zyuganov.

In 2006 Gennadiy Semigin and his new party “Patriots of Russia” joined the Rodina faction in the Duma.

In 2008, the Party of Russia's Rebirth and Party of Peace and Unity teamed up with the party of Patriots of Russia[5][6] In the 2016 State Duma elections, one of its candidates was Alexander Rutskoy, former Vice President of Russia.

The Patriots of Russia announced that they would not run in the 2018 Russian presidential election and that the party would support current president Vladimir Putin for the elections.

13 September 2012, the party withdrew its candidate for the post of Governor of Ryazan region and supported the candidate from the ruling party United Russia.