Soekiman Wirjosandjojo (EYD: Sukiman Wiryosanjoyo; 19 June 1898 – 23 July 1974) was an Indonesian politician and physician who served as prime minister of Indonesia from 1951 until 1952.

Born into a merchant family in Surakarta, Soekiman was educated as a physician at Batavia's STOVIA medical school and Amsterdam University.

Having served as chairman of the Perhimpoenan Indonesia association while in the Netherlands, he returned to Java and began participating in politics while working as a doctor.

During the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, he was active within the Pusat Tenaga Rakyat propaganda organization, and in 1945 was appointed a member of the Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence.

He acted as opposition to various government cabinets during the Indonesian National Revolution, namely those of Prime Ministers Sutan Sjahrir and Amir Sjarifuddin, although he agreed to work with them following the Dutch military offensive of 1947.

He was later appointed as Minister of Home Affairs under Mohammad Hatta's cabinet and became part of the Indonesian delegation in the Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference.

As prime minister, Soekiman nationalized Bank Indonesia and initiated a holiday bonus program for civil servants.

[3] Wirjosandjojo had a business relationship with a Dutch armed forces veteran, and through his help Soekiman could enroll at a Europeesche Lagere School (ELS) in Boyolali, normally reserved for Europeans and native nobility.

[5] During his time at STOVIA, Soekiman had been active within Jong Java, which was founded by his older brother Satiman Wirjosandjojo [id].

[2][6] Graduating from STOVIA in 1923, he considered working for the colonial train company, but his father convinced him to continue his medical school at Amsterdam University and provided financial support.

[14] Despite the public disagreements, Soekiman maintained a good personal relationship with secular nationalistic figures such as Mohammad Hatta.

[2] Soekiman attempted to defend the rights of around 900 PSII members laid off by a colonial government-owned pawnbroking network and succeeded in lobbying for severance pay and secured priority for the employees to be rehired.

[15] Soekiman had longstanding disagreements with PSII's noncooperative stance with the colonial government, and after he was expelled he formed the Partij Politiek Islam Indonesia (PARTII) with Muhammadiyah's support.

[19][20] Along with his brother Satiman, Soekiman also initiated the formation of an Islamic higher education institute, establishing several pilot projects in 1939 and 1940 before the Japanese invasion of the Dutch East Indies interrupted their growth.

[29] Just days later, the Indonesian Muslim Congress was held in Yogyakarta on 7 November, and the Masyumi Party was founded with Soekiman elected its first chairman.

[32] Despite this, however, Soekiman in a speech concluding the congress lambasted the government's decision to allow the formation of more political parties, claiming that such a move would divide the nation.

[37] Increased Dutch military activity starting from the end of 1946 forced Sjahrir into the negotiating table, and the Linggadjati Agreement was signed on 15 November 1946.

[38] After the collapse of Sjahrir's third cabinet on 27 June 1947, Soekiman was appointed by Sukarno as one of four formateurs (along with Amir Sjarifuddin, Adnan Kapau Gani, and Setyadjit Soegondo [id]) to form a new government.

Natsir attempted to form a compromise with PNI, but the cabinet collapsed on 21 March 1951 when one of its coalition members the Great Indonesia Party withdrew from government.

[59] Initially, the government implemented a foreign exchange certificate system but revoked it in February 1952 following former German finance minister Hjalmar Schacht's advice and put a 33 percent export tax in its place.

[60] The bonus is considered the predecessor of the modern Tunjangan Hari Raya (Holiday Allowance) in Indonesia, and at the time amounted to between 125 and 200 rupiah plus some rice.

[61] Before the strike itself, several labor actions had been held, and in August 1951 a rumour circulated that a foreign entity was planning to launch a coup with the support of the Indonesian Communist Party (PKI).

Following a shooting at Tanjung Priok on 5 August 1951, he directed the government to carry out mass arrests, detaining members of the PKI and other left-wing parties without charge for months.

[64] Soekiman sent foreign minister Achmad Soebardjo to sign the Treaty of San Francisco in 1951, despite internal opposition to the act by some Masyumi leaders such as Mohammad Roem and Sjafruddin Prawiranegara.

[66] In January 1952, Soebardjo resumed negotiations regarding MSA loans and aid with US Ambassador to Indonesia H. Merle Cochran, with Soekiman's knowledge.

Once this was made known to the parliament and the general public, opposition emerged as the negotiations were perceived to pull Indonesia towards the Western Bloc in the Cold War, contrary to the nation's "free and active" foreign policy doctrine.

[75] Soekiman decided to retire from politics, allowing him to evade widespread arrests of former Masyumi leaders during the early 1960s as the government saw him as a non-threat.

Following his request to be buried near Ki Hadjar Dewantara, Soekiman was interred the following day in the Taman Siswa cemetery in Yogyakarta.