She has held positions in economic policy and regulation at the Brazilian Development Bank and The Ministry of Social Security.

[1] She attended the Federal University of Juiz de Fora in Minas Gerais, where she earned a BA degree in economics.

[1] During Vieira's work for her master's degree at the Fundação Getúlio Vargas, her supervisor was Sérgio Werlang, the former director of the Central Bank in the administration of Fernando Henrique Cardoso.

One of her accomplishments there was the fator previdenciário, a formula that ties the retirement age to life expectancy in Brazil.

[1] There she was largely responsible for regulatory updates and rollouts of policy, and particularly for ending a series of crises that plagued the Aviation Department before she held the job, which had been branded caos aéreo (aerial chaos).