Solanum citrullifolium is a species of flowering plant in the Solanaceae family.

[2] It is a nightshade referred to by the common name watermelon nightshade,[3] as its leaves somewhat resemble those of a watermelon plant.

It is a white-stemmed shrub with purple star-shaped flowers.

It is native to the southern United States and it is grown in home gardens as an ornamental plant.

Not to be confused with the similarly-named "melonleaf nightshade," which is a different species, S. heterodoxum.