It borders Rangrim to the east, Wiwon to the west, Kanggye to the north and Chonchon and Ryongrim to the south.

The highest point is Maengbusan in the Rangrim range, which stands 2,214 m above sea level.

The Manpo Line railroad follows the river through western Songgan.

Grains including maize, wheat, and millet are raised in Songgan, as are cattle and silkworms.

Songgan-gun is divided into 1 ŭp (town), 5 rodongjagu (workers' districts) and 9 ri (villages):