The museum contains an extensive collection of artifacts which reflect the history and rich German-Texan heritage of the area.

With the original cabin and structures destroyed in a storm in 1886, thw Sophienburg was left abandoned until 1926, when New Braunfels' residents purchased the site of the original fortress; in 1933, they established a museum chartered by the State of Texas and the Emilie Seele Faust Memorial Library, the city's first library.

[3] Among the exhibits are displays demonstrating the belongings of the original German settlers of the New Braunfels area.

[5] Throughout 2019, the Sophienburg hosted an exhibit memorializing the impact of World War I on the majority-German town.

[4] The Sophienburg plays a major role in community events in New Braunfels such as the Oktoberfest celebration "Wurstfest", the local Christmas Market "Weihnachtsmarkt", and an annual "Bürger Ball", a dance and social event similar to those held by the town's residents in the early 20th century.