[7][8] A group A streptococcus infection can be diagnosed by throat culture or a rapid test: Clinicians often also make treatment decisions based on the person's signs and symptoms alone.

In the US, approximately two-thirds of adults and half of children with sore throat are diagnosed based on symptoms and do not have testing for the presence of GAS to confirm a bacterial infection.

[2] Sore or scratchy throat can temporarily be relieved by gargling a solution of 1/4 to 1/2 teaspoon (1.3 to 2.5 milliliters) salt dissolved in an 8-US-fluid-ounce (240 ml) glass of water.

[10][11] The use of corticosteroids seems to increase slightly the likelihood of resolution and the reduction of pain, but more analysis is necessary to ensure that this minimal benefit outweighs the risks.

[11][12] Antibiotics probably reduce pain, diminish headaches and could prevent some sore throat complications, but as these effects are small they must be balanced with the threat of antimicrobial resistance.

[14] There is only limited evidence that a hot drink can help alleviate a sore throat, and other common cold and influenza symptoms.