The northern half of the township is within the Cumberland Valley, while the southern half is occupied by South Mountain, with elevations exceeding 2,060 feet (630 m) in the Big Flat area of the mountain.

Interstate 81 crosses the northern part of the township, with access from Exit 29 (Pennsylvania Route 174).

Unincorporated communities in the township include Middle Spring in the northwest, Lees Cross Roads in the east, and Cleversburg near the center.

Most of the South Mountain part of the township is covered by Michaux State Forest, although there are private land holdings in the Big Flat area.

14.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.