Spanish American wars of independence order of battle: Spanish expeditionary forces

In attempts to retain or re-assert control over its colonies in America, the Spanish Empire deployed several expeditionary forces during and after the Spanish American wars of independence.

The largest of these forces, known as "the expeditionary army of Costa Firme",[1] and consisting of over 10,000 troops under General Morillo, undertook the Spanish reconquest of New Granada (1815–16).

[3] Later, after Mexican independence in 1821, a Spanish garrison was sent from Cuba to occupy Spain's last Mexican outpost, the fortress of San Juan de Ulúa; this force remained there until surrendering in 1825.

[4] Finally, a force under Isidro Barradas Valdés attempted to regain control of Mexico in 1829.

[5] Commander Units (Venezuela and New Granada) (Perú, Chile and Upper Peru)