[2] Within the spermosphere, a range of complex interactions take place among the germinating seed, the soil, and the microbiome.
[4] Seeds exude various molecules that influence their surrounding microbial communities, either inhibiting or stimulating their growth.
[1][3] The composition of the exudates varies according to the plant type and such properties of the soil as its pH and moisture content.
Specifically, the floral microbiota can play a role in the composition of the spermosphere like in plants such as wheat,[6] grapevine,[7] and rice.
[9] The seed can exudate molecules and nutrients that attract beneficial microorganisms to their spermosphere which then prevent the colonization of pathogens.