Spin Hall effect
The spin Hall effect (SHE) is a transport phenomenon predicted by Russian physicists Mikhail I. Dyakonov and Vladimir I. Perel in 1971.
It is analogous to the classical Hall effect, where charges of opposite sign appear on the opposing lateral surfaces in an electric-current carrying sample in a magnetic field.
The spin Hall effect (direct and inverse) was predicted by Russian physicists Mikhail I. Dyakonov and Vladimir I. Perel in 1971.
Experimentally, the (direct) spin Hall effect was observed in semiconductors[6][7] more than 30 years after the original prediction.
[8] One can intuitively picture the intrinsic effect by using the classical analogy between an electron and a spinning tennis ball.
The tennis ball deviates from its straight path in air in a direction depending on the sense of rotation, also known as the Magnus effect.
Similar to the standard Hall effect, both the extrinsic and the intrinsic mechanisms lead to an accumulation of spins of opposite signs on opposing lateral boundaries.
[9] In recent years, the spin Hall magnetoresistance was extensively studied experimentally both in magnetic and non-magnetic materials (heavy metals, such as Pt, Ta, Pd, where the spin-orbit interaction is strong).
