Originally a Jesuit church, it became a cathedral in 1991, when the new diocese of Grodno was erected.

The ceremony was attended by the Russian Emperor Peter the Great and the King of Poland Augustus II the Strong.

During the 18th century the Jesuits were decorating the cathedral with frescoes, ordered altars and baroque domes.

Despite this, people attended the church every Sunday for a common prayer, songs and rosary.

In 1990 the church was granted the title of minor basilica, and a year later it became a cathedral for a diocese of Grodno.