In the times of the Russian Empire in the nineteenth century a small Catholic minority in Samarkand formed by merchants and employees of Polish or German origin settled in the place.

In 1915 a number of Polish prisoners of war (originating in Poland, Prussia and Austria) were added, so it was possible that the Catholic community could build his church.

Neo-Gothic church was built by architect Nelle - and was completed in 1916.

It was closed by the authorities of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic in 1930; to install a school.

In 1995, at the initiative of Father Ivan Rolloff the Catholic community of the city obtained permission to officially register and recover the building in 1997.