Due to its location before the gates, the collegiate was completely destroyed by Swedish attacks 1631 in the Thirty Years' War, and is to be seen on the north side portal of Saint Peter as paintings, 1631 at the Swedish attacks completely destroyed.

The collegiate was moved to its present location near the palace church St. Gangolph, later vanished in the Napoleonic era.

The construction of the new St. Peter's Church lasted from 1749 to 1756/57, and was carried out in the context of the valorisation of the bleaching district (Bleichenviertel).

Due to the fact that Mainz Cathedral lay partially in ruins St. Peter's was chosen for the inauguration of bishop Joseph Ludwig Colmar in 1803.

[3] The present building of St. Peter's is a baroque hall (three bays) with double onion dome tower façade by architect Johann Valentin Thoman.

On 27 February 1945, Mainz was almost completely destroyed by air raids with incendiary bombs.

The decoration of the church was much irretrievably lost in the original, most notably the organ, the ceiling frescoes from 1755 by Joseph Ignaz Appiani, showing the life and work of St. Peter, and the choir stalls.

Herein, frolicking fish that turn out as people on closer inspection - even one of them with a fool's cap thereunder.