[2] The church was built by Bishop Stanisław Bohusz Siestrzeńcewicz (1731–1826), the first Archbishop of Mogilev, in Saint Petersburg in 1783, who donated money and land which used to be his residence.

The church, built between 1823 and 1825, is the work of Italian architect David Visconti.

This was the second Catholic church built after the St. Catherine on Nevsky Prospekt.

The parish had 10,200 faithful on the eve of the 1917 revolution had a parochial school and a charity.

Bishop Antoni Malecki (1861–1935), who was deported to Siberia in 1930, officiated there from 1887 to 1921.