[1] It was located in central China (modern-day Shanxi and Henan) in a region south and east of Luoyang, the capital of the Eastern Zhou.

[7] Members of the family became ministers in the powerful state of Jin and were granted Hanyuan (modern Hancheng in Shaanxi).

In Chinese history, this Partition of Jin is the event which marks the end of the Spring and Autumn period and the beginning of the Warring States.

King Weilie eventually recognized the new states in 403 BC[2] and elevated the rulers to 侯 (hou, "marquess").

During its steady decline, Han eventually lost the power to defend its territory and had to request military assistance from other states.

The scheme, while expensive, backfired spectacularly when it was eventually completed: the irrigation abilities of the new Zhengguo Canal far outweighed its cost and gave Qin the agricultural and economic means to dominate the other six states.

He was removed to Taiyuan Commandery and the territory of the kingdom of Dai, where he defected to the Xiongnu and led raids against the Han Dynasty until his death.

Wu Qi, the author of the work, declared that the government and nature of the people were linked to the physical environment and territory they live in.

Seemingly written from the context of the late Han state, the chapter might have preceded its fall in 230bc, or either Zhao and Wei if the latter had only yet ceded territory.

Han is represented by the star 35 Capricorni[11] in the "Twelve States" asterism, part of the "Girl" lunar mansion in the "Black Turtle" symbol.