The Synthacon includes three voltage-controlled oscillators, a two-pole resonant Sallen Key filter, two attack, decay, sustain and release envelope generators, a pink and white noise generator, and a 49-key keyboard.

While the Synthacon was not a modular system, signal routing could be achieved through a series of switches.

Because the filter uses positive feedback, increasing the resonance does not cause the audio output to lose amplitude, as it does in the Minimoog and other analog synthesizers.

Each oscillator can be modulated against the second attack, decay, sustain and release (ADSR) envelope, another VCO, the keyboard, the noise generator, or the sample-and-hold effect.

[3] The voltage controlled filter (VCF) can also be modulated by the second ADSR envelope, the keyboard, one of the VCOs, or the sample-and-hold.