Stephen Rice Jenkins (November 12, 1858 – September 15, 1929) was a physician and political figure in Prince Edward Island, Canada.
He represented 5th Queens in the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island from 1912 to 1919 as a Conservative member.
He was born in Charlottetown, the son of John Theophilus Jenkins and Jessica Esther Rice, and was educated there and at King's College in Windsor, Nova Scotia.
Jenkins went on to study medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and practiced at the Blockley hospital in Philadelphia.
He helped establish the Prince Edward Island Red Cross Society and served as its secretary.