It has long been confused with Asteracanthus due to the fin spines of the latter being found associated with the teeth of Strophodus.

[1][2] Species of Strophodus had heavily rounded, durophagous crushing teeth, contrasting strongly with those of Asteracanthus, which are much more similar to those of Hybodus.

Species of Strophodus have been estimated to reach up to 3 metres (9.8 ft) in length, making them some of the largest hybodonts.

[3] Like Asteracanthus, but unlike other hybodonts, the fin spines of Strophodus are covered in tubercles rather than being ribbed.

[2] Strophodus has been interpreted as a bottom-dwelling animal that fed on hard-shelled invertebrates, though isotopic evidence has suggested that it may have been pelagic.