Sunayani Devi (18 June 1875 – 23 February 1962) was an Indian painter born into the aristocratic Tagore family in Calcutta, West Bengal.

[4] Known to be a true primitive of the Bengal Art School, she drew inspiration from the Pata folk painting style which was familiar to the women of the Tagore household, often depicting scenes from Indian epics and mythologies in her works.

She applied wash technique to its fullest and later her works echoed the native imagery like village clay dolls that would be used as ornamentation.

Her works are an amalgamation of modernist dialogue of primitive simplicity and a larger national discourse of being rooted in its cultural identity, thus carving her image as a nationalist artist.

Critical analyses of her portraits, have led her to be addressed as a naive painter, who used folk themes with allure and sensitivity.