The district spread over a vast mountainous area inhabited by many different people groups such as the Gond, Bhumij, Oraon, Panika, Korwa, Bhuiya, Kharwar, Munda, Chero, Rajwar, Nagesia, Kanwar and Santal.

There are many places in connection to epic of Ramayana, which are named after Lord Rama, Laxmana and Goddess Sita such as Ramgarh, Sita-Bhengra and Laxmangarh.

In 1613, a Rajput king belonging to the Rakshal clan attacked from Palamu in what is now Jharkhand, and took control of the area.

After the Third Anglo-Maratha War in 1818, the British gained control of the three princely states of Surguja, Koriya and Changbhakar.

This soil is found particularly in east Sitapur, south Ambikapur, central Surajpur and Pratappur blocks.

These soils are poor in potash, nitrogen, humus and carbonate and differ greatly in consistency, color, depth and fertility.

Trains reach Ambikapur from Delhi, Katni, Satna, Jabalpur, Durg, Bhopal and the state capital Raipur.

Ambikapur is well connected by road to other major cities of Chhattisgarh such as Raipur, Bilaspur, Durg, Bhilai, Korba and Raigarh.

In Surguja the percentage concentration of cultivated land is maximum in central zone of the district stretching east to west direction.

The uplands and high lands are mostly covered with rocky wastelands, infertile soil, woods and scrubs, sloppy and forested area.

Unavailability of water for irrigation over most of area, improper drainage difficulty in digging wells due to rocky basement, undeveloped means of communication, transportation have restricted the extension of cultivated land.

On the other hand, the central surguja is relatively level and has fertile soils, some water is available for irrigation in various ways, and a means of communication is developed.

Thus most of the concentration is to be found in two patches: Almost the whole of the central plain has medium to relatively high value, with few exception due to local condition.

The assessment of physical condition for different crops helps in arranging them so as to derive the optimum return of it, which may be done through the study of their distribution along with the average production.

The production of land provided to different crops depends upon physically suitability of soil and availability of water etc.

According to the 2011 census Surguja district has a population of 2,359,886,[4] roughly equal to the nation of Latvia[5] or the US state of New Mexico.

These two major reserves are centred in Samri tehsil and adjacent plateaus – Jamripat, Jaranpat, Lahsunpat, Jonkapat and other small hill rocks.

Coal as a solid stratified rock composed mainly of hydrocarbon and capable of being used as a fuel to supply heat or light or both.

The current MLAs from Lundra, Ambikapur and Sitapur are Dr. Pritam Ram, T. S. Singh Deo and Amarjeet Bhagat respectively, all from the Indian National Congress.

[9] Jaivik Krishi Utpadak Sahkari Samiti Maryadit from Batauli, proposed the GI registration of Jeeraphool rice.