The Women's 50 metre backstroke competition of the 2018 European Aquatics Championships was held on 4 and 5 August 2018.

[1][2] Prior to the competition, the existing world and championship records were as follows.

The following new records were set during this competition.

[3] The semifinals were held on 4 August at 17:49.

[4] The final was held on 5 August at 18:21.