Night of the Tropics), D. 104 (RO 255), is Louis Moreau Gottschalk's first and most well-known symphony.

The symphony was probably completed in 1858; the first movement, sometimes subtitled La nuit des tropiques, was premiered in Havana during the winter of the following year.

Fourteen months later, the full symphony, with the second movement, "Une Fête sous les tropiques" (lit.

[4] The symphony is written in two movements: The first movement, a "divine tropical sunset-with-storm," begins and ends with strings, building into an agitated section, where the winds and brass support them before coming back to the opening phrases.

[4] Forty-four measures from the end of the second movement are missing in the manuscript full score; although one conductor suggests this was possibly "for the orchestra to improvise in a jazz-like manner",[6] this seems highly unlikely with such huge instrumental forces, plus the missing passage survives in a contemporary two-piano arrangement by Gottschalk's Brazilian friend and publisher Arthur Napoleão dos Santos.