These lichens are crustose, meaning they form a thin, crust-like growth that can range in colour from whitish to greenish-grey to green.

The fungal body (thallus) may develop either below or on top of the bark's surface, and its texture varies from smooth to warty or powdery.

Additional asexual reproductive structures called pycnidia appear as black dots and produce small, colourless, rod-shaped spores (conidia).

Most species are known only from single locations or regions: S. bicolor has been documented solely in Costa Rica, while S. psoromica and S. sikkimensis are known only from India.

[4] The lichen-forming members of the genus primarily inhabit tropical regions, with fewer species extending into temperate areas.

Additionally, many specimens in herbarium collections may be misidentified and filed under different names, particularly as species of the related genus Arthonia.