Thirumarugal Natesapillai Rajarathinam Pillai (27 August 1898 – 12 December 1956) or TNR[1] was an Indian Carnatic musician, nadaswaram maestro, vocalist and film actor.

He featured in the main role as the 16th century Tamil poet Kalamegam.

[4] Rajarathnam Pillai was a recipient of many titles, none of them official or academic.

[5] He is believed to have promoted nadaswaram and tavil players for recognition as musicians in their own right and it is thought that his lead was recognised when the Madras Music Academy conferred the title of Sangeetha Kalanidhi (doctor of music) on fellow nagaswaram exponent Thiruvizhimizhalai Subramania Pillai in 1956.

In spite of his fame and following, there is no formal or official account of his life readily available in Tamil or another language.