This nuclear enzyme is involved in processes such as chromosome condensation, chromatid separation, and the relief of torsional stress that occurs during DNA transcription and replication.

TOP2B activity is essential for the expression of IEGs in a type of learning experience in mice termed associative fear memory.

[8] Such a learning experience appears to rapidly trigger TOP2B to induce double-strand breaks in the promoter DNA of IEG genes that function in neuroplasticity.

[12] The double-strand break introduced by TOP2B apparently frees a part of the promoter at an RNA polymerase-bound transcription start site to physically move to its associated enhancer (see regulatory sequence).

This conditioning causes hundreds of gene-associated DSBs in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus that are important for learning and memory.

[15] TOP2B has been shown to interact with: In Drosophila Hadlaczky et al. 1988 found DNA topoisomerase II β did not correlate with cell proliferation - while α did.