The refining process completely removes the molasses from cane juice or beet juice to give the disaccharide white sugar, sucrose.
[3] Beet sugar has never been processed with bone char and is vegan.
[4] In modern times, activated carbon and ion-exchange resin may be used – see Sugar refinery § Purification.
From a chemical and nutritional point of view, white sugar does not contain—in comparison to brown sugar—some minerals (such as calcium, potassium, iron and magnesium) present in small quantities in molasses.
[5][6][7] The only detectable differences are, therefore, the white color and the less intense flavor.