The area between the towns of Chikuzen and Tachiarai ¥ was chosen because it would serve as a relay point for air groups heading for mainland China, and because it was far from the coast and would not be affected by naval gunfire from enemy fleets.

In the final stages of World War II, it played a part in the defense of the homeland, including the training of kamikaze pilots, but suffered damage from air raids by the American military.

The new structure was designed to resemble an aircraft hangar, and now houses both the Nakajima Ki-27 and a Mitsubishi A6M Zero donated by the Fukuoka Aerospace Association, a group of airplane enthusiasts.

The museum also displays approximately 1800 items from the war, including materials from the Tachiarai Air Raid in March 1945.

The museum also has on display a Mitsubishi MH2000 helicopter, and also a full-scale replica of a Kyushu J7W Shinden which was constructed for use in the filming of the 2023 movie Godzilla Minus One.