The adopted son of Takeda Nobukata, shugo (Governor) of Wakasa Province, he was later re-adopted by Kakizaki Sueshige.
Nobuhiro was born in Aoi castle in Obama, the capital of Wakasa province, and was called Hikotarō as a child.
Though he was the older child, he was passed over as his father's heir for his younger brother Takeda Kuninobu, who had already himself produced a son.
At the age of 21, he escaped Wakasa in the middle of the night, along with Takeda vassals Sasaki Shigetsuna, Sora Nakamura, Kudō Sukenaga and two others.
He built Katsuyama castle in 1462, and began to receive tribute from the Ainu of Sakhalin in 1475, though there was no possibility of the small number of samurai present effectively extending their control that far.