The Tanabu Kaidō (田名部街道) is a road in eastern Aomori Prefecture that connects the town of Noheji in the south, to the city of Mutsu to the north.

The Tanabu Kaidō was established by the Nanbu clan during the Edo period between Noheji-shukuba and the Buddhist temple and folk religion pilgrimage destination at Mount Osore, a caldera believed in Japanese mythology to be a gate to the underworld,[2] near the former town of Tanabu (now part of Mutsu).

The road was a branch of the longer Ōshū Kaidō (now known as National Route 4) that was located entirely within the northern Morioka Domain.

The Nanbu had a large military camp in Tanabu, so quick movement to the commercial port and border town of Noheji was crucial to the defense of their domain.

In the later Edo period, the road gained further defensive significance when foreign ships began to be spotted in the Tsugaru Strait and Mutsu Bay near Shimokita Peninsula.