The Tapajós-Arapiuns Extractive Reserve is divided between the municipalities of Santarém (68.05%) and Aveiro (31.95%) in the state of Pará.

[2] The proposed South Amazon Ecological Corridor would link the Tapajós-Arapiuns Extractive Reserve to other protected areas and indigenous territories in the region.

There is high rainfall averaging 2,400 millimetres (94 in) annually, with no marked dry season.

[6] The communities in the extractive reserve have been unusually active in developing the management plan and projects related to environmental education, improvement of infrastructure for sanitation, health and education, and sustainable extraction of natural resources, manly rubber, Brazil nuts and açaí palm fruit.

Other fruits are extracted from the forest, mostly for family consumption but with a small surplus for sale.

33.6% of households engage in crafts, mostly the women, making baskets and sieves from lianas and clay crockery, mainly for home use.

Its basic objectives are to protect the livelihoods and culture of these people and to ensure sustainable use of natural resources.

On 30 October 2003 the Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária (INCRA: National Institute for Colonization and Agrarian Reform) recognised the reserve as meeting the needs of 3,500 families, who would qualify for PRONAF support.

A working group was created on 28 May 2015 to support implementation of the Forest Carbon Demonstration Project (Projeto Demonstrativo de Carbono Florestal).