According to Đại Nam nhất thống địa dư chí, its name Thổ Châu[1] was written as "土珠", which implies as a pearl in the middle of the sea.

[4] On March 8, 2014, Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 lost contact with ground while flying by Thổ Châu island.

According to the Statement on the basis of the territorial width in the Tonkin Gulf[note 4] and a number of related documents, Thổ Châu is considered by the Vietnamese press as the farthest place to the West to determine the above sovereignty of Vietnam on the ocean.

On February 24, 2025, at the 32nd Session of the 10th People's Council of Kiên Giang province, the delegates participated in the vote to officially approve the resolution of the establishment of Thổ Châu island district (huyện đảo Thổ Châu), which was based on the whole natural area and population of the islands or former commune.

[7] Currently, Thổ Châu has about 500 households with nearly 2,000 inhabitants,[8] most of whom are border guards and navy personnel who chose to settle on the islands; the rest are immigrants.