The Academy of Sciences of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: فرهنگستان علوم جمهوری اسلامی ایران) was established in 1988.

Among the major objectives of the Academy of Sciences of Iran are the attainment of scientific and cultural independence, promotion of science and technology, encouragement of the spirit of research, access to the latest scientific findings and innovations through teamwork, and absorbing, encouraging and supporting eminent researchers and scholars.

In order to fulfil these objectives, the academy has a range of duties including survey and analysis of the status of science, technology, education and research at the national scale; studies on experiences of other countries on the development of science, technology and its application with respect to the available facilities and potential of the country; and material and spiritual support of scholars to create scientific works among, and other duties.

In 1990, the Supreme Cultural Revolution Council selected the first fifteen fellows of the Academy.

There are requirements for any of these membership types, for example fellow members have to be full professors with outstanding publications and Iranian citizenship.