The Bolshevik Myth (Diary 1920–1922) is a book by Alexander Berkman describing his experiences in RSFSR from 1920 to 1922, when he saw the aftermath of the October Revolution.

The narrative of The Bolshevik Myth starts in December 1919, when Berkman and Emma Goldman were deported to Soviet Russia along with over two hundred other anarchists, socialists, and other leftists.

Berkman and Goldman are asked to collect material for a planned Museum of the Revolution, which gives them the opportunity to spend the remainder of 1920 traveling the countryside.

In February 1921, strikes erupt in Petrograd when workers take to the streets demanding better food rations and more union autonomy.

The sailors of the fleet support the striking Petrograd workers; Lenin and Trotsky proclaim them guilty of mutiny and order a military response.

Nikolai Bukharin denounces the anarchist movement in Russia as criminal bandits waging war against the Soviet Republic.

The Bolshevik Myth ends in September 1921 with Berkman's decision to leave Russia: Gray are the passing days.

[5] At the same time, Goldman began writing a book about her experiences in Russia, using material collected by Berkman as sources and with his editorial assistance.

I have consented, willingly and cheerfully, that EG [Emma Goldman] make use of all the data, material, documents, etc., which I had accumulated (and translated), for her book.

[8] According to Nicolas Walter, The Bolshevik Myth suffered from being published after Goldman's book but it received positive reviews nonetheless.

American anarchist Harry Kelly wrote a long review in which he described The Bolshevik Myth as "a great piece of literature".