[4] Jewish agricultural settlements were established in the provinces of Buenos Aires (Lapin, Rivera), Entre Ríos (San Gregorio, Villa Domínguez, Carmel, Ingeniero Sajaroff, Villa Clara, and Villaguay),[5] and Santa Fe (Moisés Ville).

[6] Gerchunoff's family immigrated to Argentina in 1889, and settled in the Jewish agricultural colony of Moïseville, now Moisés Ville, Santa Fe.

[1] The novel, full of autobiographical references from the author's childhood,[8] has been read as a utopic vision of the agrarian life of the Jewish immigrants in Argentina, with a strong resemblance of the biblical "Promised Land",[9] but has also bore criticism from later generations for its "intent to show that the return to agriculture was creating a new harmonious Jew who would enjoy full acceptance in Argentina".

[10] Critic Perla Sneh says that Gerchunoff's mix of Judaeo-Spanish with the traditional gauchoesque dialect created "an improbable Gaucho literature of the exile".

[11] She also compares The Jewish Gauchos with Sarmiento's Facundo, in the sense that both novels combine narrative, history and politics.