Theodore Myers Riley (June 9, 1842 - December 1, 1914) was a prominent American Anglo-Catholic priest, author, and seminary professor born in Carlisle, Pennsylvania.
He achieved international notoriety as rector of S. Clement's, Philadelphia from 1872 to 1875 during a controversy over ritualism with diocesan bishop the Right Reverend William Bacon Stevens.
The bishop demanded that Riley cease wearing vestments unauthorized in the Protestant Episcopal Church, that he refrain from mixing water with the wine in the celebration of the Holy Communion, that he cease elevations during the Prayer of Consecration, that genuflection by choristers and clergy before the altar be discontinued, that there should be no lighted candles unless necessary for illumination, and that the hearing of private confessions be discontinued.
With the ritual controversy unresolved, he resigned and was succeeded by Oliver Sherman Prescott of the Society of Saint John the Evangelist; Riley was called to the Church of the Ascension in Chicago, Illinois but declined nomination.
He was chaplain to the sisters of the Community of St. Mary at Kemper Hall in Kenosha, Wisconsin for 13 years concurrent with his tenure at Nashotah House.