[1][2][3] The theory of "Umm al-Qura" was first applied by Abd al-Rahman al-Kawakibi about the city of Mecca, which is the religious center of the Islamic world.
[2][4][5] According to the Iranian founders of "Umm al-Qura" theory, Iran was in such a position after the 1979 revolution, and Ruhollah Khomeini, with the establishment of a government based on Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist, was placed in the two positions of the leader of Iran and the leader of the Islamic nation or Ummah.
[12][13] In explaining this doctrine, Mohammad-Javad Larijani summarizes its elements in the following cases: The plan of "Umm al-Qura" theory is a turning point in the process of reforming the attitude in the field of foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran from idealism to realism and change its emphasis on the solving the internal needs, problems and difficulties of the system.
In fact, this theory provided the necessary theoretical basis for interpreting and reviewing Iran's foreign policy.
[3] This doctrine was introduced in a situation where some officials, regardless of national interests, believed that Iran should interfere in the affairs of some certain countries and should take actions.
At the beginning of the Iranian revolution, various groups in Iran were in contact with different parts of the world and demanded to interfere immediately with military, financial and spiritual help wherever it is under oppression and colonialism.
While the practice of the doctrine of "Umm al-Qura" leads the Islamic society to deal with the sultans of tyranny and blasphemy and uses expediency and being in the valley of pragmatism as the criterion for action.