Thomas Clarke Luby
[3] He was educated at Trinity where he studied Law and put in the necessary number of terms in London and Dublin where he acquired a reputation as a scholar and took his degree,[3] and would go on to teach at the college for a time.
Following the suppression of the 1848 rebellion he with Lalor and Philip Gray attempted to revive the fighting in 1849 as members of the secret Irish Democratic Association, this too, was to end in failure.
[5] In 1851 Luby travelled to France, where he hoped to join the French Foreign Legion to learn infantry tactics but found the recruiting temporarily suspended.
During this time he had remained in touch with the small group of '49 men including Philip Gray and attempting to start a new revolutionary movement.
[6] In the autumn of 1857 Owen Considine arrived with a message signed by four Irish exiles in the United States, two of whom were John O'Mahony and Michael Doheny.
[7] On 23 December Stephens dispatched Joseph Denieffe to America with his reply which was disguised as a business letter, and dated and addressed from Paris.
Disturbed, Stephens went ahead regardless, and that very evening the Irish Republican Brotherhood was established, in Peter Langan's timber-yard in Lombard Street.
oath, as quoted by Luby and O'Leary, and which is among several versions in Stephens's own papers, ran: I, AB., do solemnly swear, in the presence of Almighty God, that I will do my utmost, at every risk, while life lasts, to make [ other versions, according to Luby, establish in'] Ireland an independent Democratic Republic; that I will yield implicit obedience, in all things not contrary to the law of God [ 'laws of morality'] to the commands of my superior officers; and that I shall preserve inviolable secrecy regarding all the transactions [ 'affairs'] of this secret society that may be confided in me.
"[12] The revised oath ran: I, A.B, in the presence of Almighty God, do solemnly swear allegiance to the Irish Republic, now virtually established; and that I will do my very utmost, at every risk, while life lasts, to defend its independence and integrity; and, finally, that I will yield implicit obedience in all things, not contrary to the laws of God [or 'the laws of morality'], to the commands of my superior officers.
Trusting to the patriotism and ability of the Executive, I fully endorse their action beforehand, and call on every man in our ranks to support and be guided by them in all that concerns our military brotherhood.
J. STEPHENSOn 15 July 1865 American made plans for a rising in Ireland were discovered when the emissary lost them at Kingstown railway station.
With this information, Ryan raided the offices of the Irish People on Thursday 15 September, followed by the arrests of Luby, O'Leary and O'Donovan Rossa.
[19] Stephens would also be caught but with the support of Fenian prison warders, John J. Breslin[20] and Daniel Byrne was less than a fortnight in Richmond Bridewell when he vanished and escaped to France.
[24] On release he went first to the Continent, and later settled in New York, he lectured all over the country for years, and wrote for a number of Irish newspapers on political topics.
In 1926 his daughter, Mrs. Maurice, presented the National Library, Dublin, with his papers, including historical sketches and some unpublished plays in which the characters are drawn from life.
[27] Mark Ryan a contemporary of Luby's was to write in his Fenian Memories whom he met while on a private visit to America, "I was very much impressed by him, and found him to be all I had heard of him from O'Leary, who had a great admiration for his ability and uncompromising patriotism.
