The tuntian (literally "garrisoning (on) farms") system evolved during the victorious campaign of 61–60 BC by Zhao Chongguo against the Qiang people.
The final years of the Eastern Han dynasty (c. 189–220 CE) witnessed great economic disruption and widespread devastation, particularly through the Yellow Turban Rebellion of 184 CE; agricultural production in particular was severely disrupted, and population movements from war-ravaged areas led to massive flows of refugees.
Cao Cao's innovation was the introduction of the 'civilian tuntian' on a large scale both for common people and for soldiers during peacetime, whereby he successfully solved two great economic problems facing his administration: the large number of unemployed refugees, and the great tracts of land abandoned by big proprietors in the preceding chaos.
[citation needed] The tuntian in Ming dynasty had two variants, known as tunpu (屯堡) and weisuo (衛所制).
[8] The sites of tuntian were known as tuanchang (团场, literally "Regiment farms"), bingtuan (兵团) or kenqü (垦区) in the PRC.
[1] After the Korean War in 1953, tuanchang were established and resided by demobilized[9] soldiers of the People's Liberation Army (PLA) and their family, who formed the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (XPCC).
[12] Locations of bingtuan are strategic but often face life-threatening natural and manmade hazards, including floods,[13] and fire.
During the Nam tiến (March to the South), Khmer and Cham territory was seized and militarily colonised by the Vietnamese.
Dunjeon was a core part of the Korean military supply and was notable in the following instances: Places with a history of tuntian cultivation may be named after the practice.