Tonguing

A silent "tee"[2] is made when the tongue strikes the reed or roof of the mouth causing a slight breach in the air flow through the instrument.

If a more soft tone is desired, the syllable "da" (as in double) is preferred.

An alteration called "double-tonguing" or "double-articulation" is used when the music being performed has many rapid notes in succession too fast for regular articulation.

With this roof articulation the flutist thinks of the words dah-dah and for double tonguing it is dah-gah-dah-gah.

The absence of slurs is usually understood to imply that each note should be tongued separately.

The bagpipes require finger articulations ("graces"), since direct tonguing is impossible.

Kettledrum double cross-beat. So-called because kettledrums were associated with trumpets and borrowed the terms for their rhythms from those for tonguing. ^{[

1

]}