Trần Thượng Xuyên was born in Wuchuan, Guangdong, he was a general of Ming China, and swore allegiance to Zhu Youlang.
After the execution of Zhu Youlang, he swore allegiance to Koxinga, and was promoted to Chief Commander of Gaozhou, Lianzhou and Leizhou (高廉雷總兵).
In 1679, after the Revolt of the Three Feudatories was put down by Qing dynasty, he led 3000 soldiers and 50 ships came to Đà Nẵng together with Trần An Bình (陳安平), Dương Ngạn Địch, Hoàng Tiến (黃進), and surrendered to Nguyễn lord.
When Xuyên defeated him together with Nguyễn Hữu Cảnh, Chey Chettha had to surrender, and abdicated the throne to Thommo Reachea III (Nặc Ông Thâm).
King Thommo Reachea III attacked the vice-king Ang Em (Nặc Ông Yêm), and captured Longvek with the support of Siam.