The church is built in the neoclassical style, and is registered in the list of cultural heritage.

The Emperor Nicholas in 1837 granted permission to build a church for Catholics in the city.

After raising money, the church was built from 1840 to 1844 according to designs by Giuseppe and Giovanni Battista, members of a famous dynasty of architects, authors of many architectural monuments in the Caucasus.

Others taking part in the construction work included the Bernardazzi brothers, and Samuel Upton, of English origin.

However, in January 1938, at the height of Stalinist repression, the priest Johann Roth was shot and the church was closed.