Transistor fault

In stuck-short, a transistor behaves as it is always conducts (or stuck-on), and stuck-open is when a transistor never conducts current (or stuck-off).

Stuck-short will usually produce a short between VDD and VSS.

In the example picture, a faulty PMOS transistor in a CMOS NAND Gate is shown (M3-highlighted transistor).

If M3 is stuck-open, then in case we apply A=1 and B=0 then the output of the circuit will become Z.

And if M3 is stuck-short, then the output will always be connected to 1, and it also may short VCC to GND in case we apply A=B=1.