In 1901, the Tredegar Medical Aid Society convened a public meeting to discuss the establishment of a hospital and eventually a committee of more than 30 members was set up to build and manage it.

[1] Funding came from the Tredegar Iron and Coal Company, other local employers and organisations, private and public donations and by the workmen mainly from the pits who agreed to maintain the hospital by having an extra halfpenny a week deducted from their wages.

[1] Walter Conway was employed as secretary of the Medical Aid Society from 1915 and contributed to making the community health scheme a success.

Cronin, whose 1937 novel, The Citadel, brought much attention to Tredegar's grassroots healthcare system, worked as a doctor at the hospital during the early 1920s.

[1] Aneurin Bevan, founder of the National Health Service, became a member of the Cottage Hospital Management Committee around 1928 and was chairman between 1929 and 1930.