Tullahassee is considered the oldest of the surviving all-black towns in former Indian Territory.

[6] The town began in 1850, when the Creek Nation approved the Tullahassee Mission School at this site on the Texas Road.

In the years before the Emancipation Proclamation, many Creek citizens of the town had Black slaves.

[1] In the early 1880s, the population of freedmen had increased in the area, while the number of Muscogee Creek had declined.

This is now the oldest of the 13 surviving all-Black towns in the state, which were established during the period of Indian Territory.

[6] The A. J. Mason Building is listed in the National Register of Historic Places (NR 85001743).

Carter G. Woodson School, named for a prominent black historian, is listed in the Oklahoma Landmarks Inventory, and noted for its link to African-American history.

[6] In 1914, the African Methodist Episcopal Church (AME) opened Flipper-Key-Davis College, also called Flipper-Davis,[7] in the former Tullahassee Mission building.

Flipper-Davis College was then the only private, higher-level education institution for African Americans in Oklahoma.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.5 square miles (1.3 km2), all land.

After Oklahoma gained statehood, it was owned by the government until 1914 when it was sold to Waggoner County and became Flipper Key Davis College, an institution primarily serving African Americans.