According to archaeological studies, this area was inhabited by Caddoan Mound Builders during 300 to 1200 AD.

[1] The western area of Wagoner County was settled by the Creek after their forced removal in Alabama in the 1820s.

[1] During the Civil War in 1865, the present county was the scene of the Battle of Flat Rock (also known as the Hay Camp Action).

General Richard Gano captured 85 Union troops and killed even more who were harvesting hay.

The town was named after Henry "Bigfoot" Wagoner, a Katy Railroad dispatcher from Parsons, Kansas.

The Arkansas River forms part of the western and southern boundaries.

Its racial and ethnic makeup as of 2021's census estimates were 69.4% non-Hispanic white, 3.8% African American, 10.9% Native American, 2% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 7.7% multiracial, and 7.6% Hispanic or Latino of any race.

[2] School districts (all full K-12) include:[15] These in Wagoner County are listed on the National Register of Historic Places: