Turkish Airlines Flight 278, operated by a Boeing 737-4Y0 registered TC-JES and named Mersin, was a domestic scheduled flight from Ankara Esenboğa Airport to Van Ferit Melen Airport in eastern Turkey that crashed on 29 December 1994 during its final approach to land in driving snow.

[2][3] The captain was Adem Ungun, and the first officer was Yavuz Alıcı.

[4] At 15:30 EET (13:30 UTC) on 29 December 1994, the plane struck a hill near Edremit district of Van Province at 1,700 m (5,700 ft) above mean sea level around 4 km (2.5 mi) from Van Airport while on a third VOR-DME approach to the Runway 03 in bad weather, despite a warning from air traffic control not to attempt any more approaches in a snowstorm.

[1][4][5] It was the deadliest aviation accident involving a Boeing 737-400 at that time.

It was subsequently surpassed by Adam Air Flight 574 which crashed on 1 January 2007 with 102 fatalities, and fourth deadliest aircraft accident in Turkey at that time.