Turukhansk (Russian: Туруха́нск) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Turukhansky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, located 1,474 kilometers (916 mi) north of Krasnoyarsk, at the confluence of the Yenisey and Nizhnyaya Tunguska Rivers.

One of the first Russian settlements in Siberia, Turukhansk was founded in 1607 as a winter camp (зимовье) for Cossacks and merchants.

The settlement hosted one of the largest fairs in Siberia and was incorporated as an uyezd town of Turukhansk in 1785.

During the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, Turukhansk was often used as a destination for political exile.

Among people exiled there were Julius Martov, Yakov Sverdlov, Joseph Stalin, Lev Kamenev, Alexander Ulanovsky, Marina Tsvetaeva's daughter Ariadna Èfron, Yuz Aleshkovsky and Archbishop Luka Voyno-Yasenetsky.