During the time of Amir Temur (1370–1405), some madrasahs trained not only educated religious personnel, but also young men from noble families who were preparing for government positions.

During the reign of Ulugbek (1409–1449), madrasahs played the role of a kind of university, where, in addition to theological sciences, lectures were given on astronomy, mathematics and philosophy.

[2] Shahrukh (1409–1447) appointed his son Ulugbek as the sultan of Movarunnahr in the capital Samarkand and the second important center – Bukhara, in the process of managing the Timurid kingdom.

However, Ulugbek, who was busy with state affairs and mourned the death of his wife Ogabegim, was able to see it personally, as a patron of construction, only on 28 November 1419.

[5] N. V. Khonikov, who was in Bukhara in 1841–1842, recorded that there were 80 rooms (hujras) in the Ulugbek madrasah at that time, and his students received 3.5 gold from the endowment receipts.

[4] According to Abdurauf Fitrat, at the beginning of the 20th century, the Ulugbek madrasa received 800 coins a year from Kuf receipts.

[5][4] In 1993, the madrasah was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List, and since 1994 it has housed the Museum of the History of the Restoration of Bukhara Monuments.

The main decoration of the madrasah is on the gable, which, in addition to glazed bricks, uses colorful floral rivets and tiles.

The sides have a shorter appearance, and the walls, arches and gables are finished with white, turquoise and purple glazed bricks.

Khoja Sa'd Joybori repaired the outer stove and the adjacent rooms (1586), and decorated the Pishtaq with tiles with small inscriptions and patterns.