[6] In the mid-1900s, urban study programs expanded beyond just looking at the current and historical impacts of city design and began studying how those designs impacted the future interactions of people and how to improve city development through architecture, open spaces, the interactions of people, and different types of capital that forms a community.
Such areas change continuously as part of larger processes and create new histories that researchers study on both large-scale and individual levels.
[5] Louis Wirth and Roberts Ezra Park also became the first sociologists to publish about the immigrant neighbourhoods in America with suggestions on their future design.
[5] Other famous scholars that studied segregation, American Ghettos, and impoverished neighbourhoods include Du Bois (1903),[5] Haynes (1913),[5] Johnson (1943),[5] Horace Cayton (1944),[16] Kenneth Clark (1965),[16] William Julius Wilson (1987).
In addition, researchers also study how residents interact within the city, such as how race[20] and gender[21] differences lead to social inequalities, or concentrated disadvantage in urban areas.